What is Jaundice? What are the Symptoms of Jaundice? How to treat jaundice? What are the causes of jaundice?

 

What is Jaundice? Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Overview

Jaundice is a condition in which the skin, sclera (the whites of the eyes), and mucous membranes turn yellow as a result of high bilirubin levels in the blood.

 Jaundice can affect people of all ages and can signal a serious problem with the function of red blood cells, the liver, the gallbladder, or the pancreas.

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What factors contribute to jaundice?

Bilirubin is a yellow substance produced naturally by the breakdown of red blood cells. The liver removes bilirubin from the blood and transports it to the bowels for elimination. Jaundice occurs when bilirubin accumulates faster than the liver can break it down.

  •  Jaundice can be caused by a variety of factors.
  •  Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E are all viruses that can cause temporary liver inflammation. Chronic inflammation can also be caused by types B and C.
  • Alcoholic Liver Disease refers to liver damage caused by excessive, long-term alcohol consumption.
  • Gallstones can clog bile ducts and prevent bilirubin from reaching the intestine.
  • Gallbladder inflammation is a condition in which the gallbladder is inflamed.
  • Cancer of the gallbladder
  • Cancer of the pancreas
  • Autoimmune conditions
  • Rare genetic metabolic syndrome
  • Sickle Cell Anemia
  • Thalassemia
  • Malaria
  • Penicillins, oral contraceptives, and anabolic steroids are examples of medications.
  • Pregnancy cholestasis

What causes newborn jaundice?

 Jaundice is very common in newborns and typically appears 2 to 4 days after birth and resolves by the time the baby is 2 weeks old. If Jaundice is not treated promptly, it can cause other health problems as well as life-threatening brain damage known as kernicterus. Kernicterus can be avoided if jaundice is detected and treated early.

  •  A newborn is more likely to develop jaundice if the baby is:
  •  Born too soon. Jaundice is more common in premature babies because the liver is not fully developed.
  • Inadequate intake of breast milk.
  • This condition, also known as breast milk jaundice, occurs after the first week of life.
  • Born with a large bruise on the head or with a high red blood cell count.
  • Born with a liver condition.
  • He has a different blood type than his mother.
  • Has a genetic condition that causes red blood cells to be more fragile.
  • Has a blood infection, such as sepsis.

What are the different types of jaundice?

Jaundice can be classified into three types:

  1. Hepatocellular jaundice is caused by liver disease or injury.
  2. Hemolytic jaundice occurs as a result of hemolysis, or the rapid breakdown of red blood cells, which causes an increase in bilirubin production.
  3. Obstructive jaundice occurs as a result of a bile duct obstruction. The obstruction prevents bilirubin from being excreted into the intestine. Bilirubin will then accumulate in the liver and then enter the bloodstream.

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Jaundice?

Jaundice is distinguished by the following symptoms.

  • Fever \Chills
  • Pain in the abdomen
  • Confusion
  • Skin colour change
  • Urine with a dark appearance
  • Stool in a light colour
  • Itching of the Skin
  • Vomiting and Nausea
  • Fatigue
  • Loss of Pounds
  • Appetite loss
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache

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